In this American English pronunciation exercise, were going to study some conversation.在这个美语发音练习中，我们要学习一些对话。Today its going to be a Ben Franklin exercise, where we analyze the speech together. Todays topic: what did you do today?今天要进行的是一个本·富兰克林练习，我们会一起分析句子。今天的话题：你今天做了什么？Great. Lets get started.;Tom, what did you do today?;很好，我们开始吧。Tom，你今天做了什么？;Tom, what did you do today?; Lots of interesting things happening here.“Tom, what did you do today?” 这里有很多有意思的地方。I noticed first of all that Ive dropped the T here: ;what did, what did, what did you do?;首先，我注意到了我省略了T音：“what did, what did, what did you do?”Im also noticing Im getting more of a J sound here, j-ou, j-ou. Whuh-dih-jou, dih-jou.我还注意到了我在这里发的音是J音，j-ou, j-ou. Whuh-dih-jou, dih-jou.So the D and the Y here are combining to make the J sound. So we have wuh-dih-jou.所以这里的D音和Y音结合起来发J音。我们就把它读为wuh-dih-jou。;What did you.; ;What did you.;;What did you.;做了什么。做了什么。做了什么。;Tom, what did you do today?; The other thing I notice is that the T here is really more of a flap sound, a D, ;do duh-, do duh-, do today;“Tom, what did you do today?” 我注意到的另一点就是这里的T是一个浊音D，“do duh-, do duh-, do todaythis is most definitely a schwa, so were reducing this unstressed syllable to be the schwa. ;Today, today, do today, do today.;这里是一个弱读，我们把这个非重读音节略读。“Today, today, do today, to today.”;Tom, what did you do today?;;Tom, what did you do today?; -;Today?; -;Today.;;Today I woke up...;Tom，你今天做了什么？Tom，你今天做了什么？今天？今天？今天我醒来。Now here we have ;today; three times. Always, the first syllable is reduced to the schwa sound, but Im noticing that these Ts are all True Ts, and not Flap Ts.这里“today”出现了三次。通常，第一个音节是被略读为弱读音的，但我注意到这些T都是清音T，不是浊音T。Thats because they are beginning sentences. So, were not going to reduce that to a Flap T.这是因为它们在句子的开头，所以，我们不把它略读为浊音T。In the case up here, ;do today;, it came, the T in ;today;, came in between a vowel, ;do;, the OO vowel, and the schwa sound. And thats why we made this a flap sound.在这里，“do today”，“today”里的T出现在OO元音中间，所以要弱读。所以我们把它发成浊音。But here were beginning a sentence, so were going to go ahead and give it the True T sound--though we will most definitely reduce to the schwa. ;Today.;但在这里我们要开始一个句子，所以我们要发清音T的音——即使我们会把它略读为弱读音。“Today”。;Today?; -;Today.;-;Today.;-;Today.;-;Today.;-;Today.;-;Today.; -;Tom, what did you do today?; -;Today?; -;Today.; -;Today I woke up...;今天？今天？今天？今天？今天？Tom，你今天做了什么？今天？今天？今天我醒来。Everything was very connected there, and I know that when we have something ending in a vowel or diphthong sound,这里的词语之间连接得非常紧，我知道当有词语是以元音或复合元音结尾，and the next word beginning in a vowel or diphthong sound, that we want that to really glide together, ;today I.;;today I.;;today I.;后面的词语是以元音或复合元音开头时，我们就会把它们的音连到一起，“today I.”“today I.”“today I.”And anytime we have a word that begins with a vowel, we want to say, hmm, does the word before end in a consonant sound? It does.如果我们遇到元音开头的词语时，我们就要想想，前面的词是以辅音结尾的吗？是的。It ends in the K consonant sound, ;woke up, woke up;.它以辅音K结尾，“woke up, woke up”。So, to help us link, we can almost think of it as beginning the next word, ;wo-kup, woke up. Today I woke up.;所以，为了方便我们连读，我们可以把它想成下一个词的开头，“wo-kup, woke up. Today I woke up.”;Today?; -;Today.; -;Today I woke up, and I went for a run.;今天？今天？今天我醒来去跑步了。;And I went for a run.; Tom dropped the D here, connected this word ;and; to ;I;, ;and I;.;and I;.;and I;.“And I went for a run.” Tom把这里的D音省略掉了，把“and”和“I”连读，“and I”。“and I”。“and I”。This was the schwa sound, so hes reduced ;and;. ;And I, and I, and I went for a run.;这是一个弱读音，所以他略读了“and”。“And I, and I, and I went for a run.”;For a, for a.; Tom reduced the vowel in the word ;for; to the schwa. And weve connected these two function words together, ;for a, for a, for a;, this is also a schwa.For a, for a. Tom把“for”里的元音略读为弱读音。我们把这两个虚词连读，“for a, for a, for a”，这也是个弱读音。;For a, for a, for a run, for a run, and I went for a run.;去跑步了。Can you pick out the two stressed words here? ;Went, run;. Those are the words that have the most shape in the voice. The most length: ;and I went for a run;.你能找出这里面的两个重读词吗？“Went, run”。这两个词语的音最为突出，音也最长：“and I went for a run”。;And I went for a run.; Again, hes got the intonation going up here at the end, because, comma, hes giving us a list here. And theres more information about to come.“And I went for a run.”他的语调在句末上升，因为这里有个逗号，他要列举一些事情，后面还有更多信息。;Today I woke up, and I went for a run.;;and I went for a run.;;and I went for a run.;今天我醒来去跑步了。今天我醒来去跑步了。今天我醒来去跑步了。;And, um, then I just worked.;然后，我就开始工作了。;And, um...; Now here, Tom did pronounce the D, he linked it to the next word, beginning with a vowel, which is just this thought-word that we say when were thinking, ;and um, and um.;“And, um...”在这里，Tom没有发D音，他把这个单词与下面一个单词开头的元音连读，也就是当我们思考时所用的口头语，“and um, and um.”Again, the intonation of the voice is going up at the end, ;and um;, signaling, comma, not a period, more information coming.他在句末语调再一次上升，“and um”，因为这里是一个逗号，而不是句号，预示着后面还有更多信息。;And, um,And, um, And, um, then I just worked.;然后，我就开始工作了。;Worked, worked, then I just worked.; Here, finally, we have the intonation of the voice going down at the end.“Worked, worked, then I just worked.”在这里，语调终于降了下来。So we know, period, end of the sentence, end of the thought.因此我们知道，句末的句号就标志着观点的结束。;Then I;: he connected this ending consonant to the beginning vowel, the diphthong ;ai;, I, to smooth that out. ;Then I, then I, then I just worked.;“Then I”：他把上一个词结尾的辅音与下一个词开头的元音，复合元音“ai”，I，连读。“Then I, then I, then I just worked.”Did you notice? Tom dropped the T here. We did not get ;just worked, just worked;. He didnt release it.你注意到了吗？Tom省略了这里的T音。我们不把它读成“just worked, just worked”。他没有发出这个音。This happens often when we have a word that ends in a cluster with a T when the next word also begins with a consonant.当遇到以T结尾，同时下一个词以辅音开头时，我们就会这样读。In these cases, often, the T will get dropped. ;I just worked.;;I just worked.;;I just worked.;这种情况下，通常T音就会被省略。我就开始工作了。我就开始工作了。我就开始工作了。Do you notice that the -ed ending is pronounced as a T sound. Thats because the sound before, the K, is unvoiced. So this ending will also be unvoiced. ;Worked, worked.;你是否注意到了-ed结尾的词发的是T音？这是因为它前面的K音是不发音的。所以，结尾也不发音。“Worked, worked.”;...and I went for a run. And, um, then I just worked.;; And, um, then I just worked.;;And, um, then I just worked.;去跑步了。然后，我就开始工作了。然后，我就开始工作了。然后，我就开始工作了。;So, where do you run?;那你去哪儿跑步了？;So, where do you run?; Now, this is a question, but did you notice the intonation went down at the end?“So, where do you run?”这是一个问句，但你注意到了语调是下降的吗？;Run, run.; Thats because its a question that cannot be answered with just ;yes; or ;no;.“Run, run.”这是因为这不是以“yes”或“no”回答的问句。Yes/no questions go up in pitch at the end. All other questions tend to go down in pitch at the end.以yes或no回答的问句句尾语调要上升。其他的问句句尾语调都是下降。;Where do you run?; Do you hear the stressed words in that question?“Where do you run?”你听出这个问句中的重读词了吗？;Where, run.; ;So, where do you run?; Longer words, more up/down shape of the voice. ;Where, run.;“Where, run.”“So, where do you run?”词的发音更长，也更为突出。“Where, run.”;So where do you run?;那你去哪儿跑步了？;So, where do you run?;;So, where do you run?;;So, where do you run?;-;I run in Fort Greene Park.;那你去哪儿跑步了？那你去哪儿跑步了？那你去哪儿跑步了？-我在格林堡公园跑步的。What do you hear as being the stressed syllables there?你听到的这里的重读音节是什么？;I run in Fort Greene Park.;;I run in Fort Greene Park.; ;I run in Fort Greene Park.;我在格林堡公园跑步的。我在格林堡公园跑步的。我在格林堡公园跑步的。;I run in Fort Greene Park.; I hear ;da-da-da-DAA-DAA-DAA;. Definitely I hear ;Fort;, ;Greene;, and ;Park; all being longer, all having that shape in the voice.“I run in Fort Greene Park.”我听到的是“da-da-da-DAA-DAA-DAA”。“Fort”，“Greene”，和“Park”的音更长，更为突出。;I run in Fort Greene Park.; Also, ;I; is a little bit more stressed than ;run in;.“I run in Fort Greene Park.”还有，“I”要比“run in”的音更重。;I, I, DA-da-da, DA-da-da, I run in, I run in, run in, run in.; So those two words are really linked together because we have and ending consonant and a beginning vowel.“I, I, DA-da-da, DA-da-da, I run in, I run in, run in, run in.”所以这两个词连得比较紧，因为它们是辅音结尾和元音开头。;Run in, run in, I run in, I run in Fort Greene Park.;我在格林堡公园跑步的。;I run in Fort Greene Park. I run in Fort Greene Park.I run in Fort Greene Park.In Brooklyn.;我在格林堡公园跑步的。我在格林堡公园跑步的。我在格林堡公园跑步的。在布鲁克林。;In Brooklyn.; Brooklyn, a two syllable word. One of the syllables will be stressed.“In Brooklyn.” Brooklyn是一个有两个音节的词。其中一个音节会被重读。What do you hear as being stressed? ;Brooklyn, Brooklyn.; Definitely its that first syllable. ;Brook-, Brook-, Brooklyn, Brooklyn.;你听到的重读音节是哪个？“Brooklyn, Brooklyn.”肯定是第一个音节。“Brook-, Brook-, Brooklyn, Brooklyn.”;In Brooklyn.; ;In Brooklyn.; ;In Brooklyn.; -;So, what are you doing after this?;在布鲁克林。在布鲁克林。在布鲁克林。-“So, what are you doing after this?”;So, what are you doing after this?; How was I able to say so many words quickly, but still be clear?“So, what are you doing after this?”我是怎样把这么多词语说得这么快但又很清晰的呢？First of all, Im dramatically reducing the word ;are; to the schwa-R sound, ;er, er;.首先，我在很大程度上略读了单词“are”，我把它读成了弱读R音，“er, er”。That means the T here is now coming between two vowel sounds, and Im making that a flap T sound, which sounds like the D between vowels. ;What are.; ;What are.; ;What are.;这意味着这里的T是在两个元音之间，我把它读成了浊音T，听起来就像是元音之间的D音。“What are.” ;What are.; ;What are.;Also the word ;you; is unstressed, so its going to be in that same line, ;what are you; ;what are you;;what are you;;what are you;, very fast, quite flat, lower in volume.还有，单词“you”是非重读的，所以也是这样的读法，“what are you”（循环四次），很快，很平，声音更低。;What are you doing?; Now here we have a stressed word, ;do-, doing. Doing, what are you doing?;“What are you doing?”这里有一个重读的单词，“do-, doing. Doing, what are you doing?”Do you hear how the syllable ;do; sticks out of that phrase more than anything else? ;What are you doing?;;What are you doing?;你是否听到了，“do”这个音节比句子中其他音都要突出？“What are you doing?”;What are you doing?;;After this.; Another stressed word here.“After this.”这里又有一个重读的单词。;So, what are you doing after this?; ;So, what are you doing after this?;;So, what are you doing after this?;;So, what are you doing after this?;那你之后做了什么？那你之后做了什么？那你之后做了什么？那你之后做了什么？;So, what are you doing after this?; -;After this, nothing.;那你之后做了什么？之后什么也没做。Toms speaking a little bit more slowly than I am here. ;After this, nothing. ;Tom说得比我说得要慢一点。“After this, nothing. ”We have two 2-syllable words here. Which syllable is stressed? Lets take first the word ;after;.这里有两个单词，都是两个音节，哪个音节是重读的？我们先看看第一个单词“after”。If you think you hear the first syllable as being stressed, youre right.如果你认为第一个音节是重读的，你是正确的。;Af-, after, -ter, -ter, -ter.; The second syllable: very low in pitch, flat, and quick. ;After.;“Af-, after, -ter, -ter, -ter.”第二个音节：音很低，很平，很快。“after”。What about the word ;nothing;? Again, its the first syllable. ING endings, even though this isnt an ING verb, will be unstressed. ;Nothing, no-, no-, nothing.;那么第二个单词“nothing”呢？它的重读音节也是第一个音节。ING结尾的单词，即使不是动词的ING形式，也是非重读音节。“Nothing, no-, no-, nothing.”;After this, nothing.; ;After this, nothing.; ;After this, nothing.; -;No plans.; -;No plans.;之后什么也没做。之后什么也没做。之后什么也没做。 -“No plans.” -“No plans.”Nothing reduces in this phrase. Im really hearing this as two different stressed words. Theyre both one syllable, ;no plans. No plans.;这句话里没有略读的音。我听到这里有两个不同的重读单词。它们都是一个音节的单词，“no plans. No plans.”;No plans.;-;No plans.;-;No plans.; -;No plans.; -;No plans.; -;No plans.; -;Should we get dinner?; -;Yeah.;没计划。 没计划。没计划。没计划。没计划。没计划。那我们去吃晚餐好吗？好的。;Should we get dinner?; One of the things that I notice is that Im dropping the D sound: ;should we, should we;.“Should we get dinner?”我注意到的事情之一就是在这里我省略了D音：“should we, should we”。;Should we get.;;Should we get.;;Should we get.;Thats helping me say this less-important word even faster. ;Should we get dinner?;那我们去。那我们去。那我们去。这样会让我更快地说出那些不太重要的词。那我们去吃晚餐好吗？;Should we get dinner?; ;Should we get dinner?; ;Should we get dinner?;那我们去吃晚餐好吗？那我们去吃晚餐好吗？那我们去吃晚餐好吗？I notice that the T here is a Stop T, I dont release it. Its not ;get dinner;, its ;get, get, get, get dinner, get dinner. Should we get dinner?;我注意到这里的T是一个顿音T，我没有发出这个音。它不是“get dinner”，而是“get, get, get, get dinner, get dinner. Should we get dinner?”;Should we get dinner?; ;Should we get dinner?;;Should we get dinner?;那我们去吃晚餐好吗？那我们去吃晚餐好吗？那我们去吃晚餐好吗？Do you notice, in this question my voice does go up in pitch at the end. ;Dinner, dinner.;你是否注意到了，在这个问句里，我的语调在句尾上升。“Dinner, dinner.”Thats because this is a yes/no question. Pitch goes up. ;Should we get dinner? ;Should we get dinner? Yeah.;这是因为这是一个以yes或no来回答的疑问句。所以语调要上升？“Should we get dinner? ;Should we get dinner? Yeah.”As you probably know, a more casual way to say ;yes;. ;Should we get dinner? Yeah.;你可能知道，这是“yes”的一种较为随意的说法。“Should we get dinner? Yeah.”;Should we get dinner?; -;Yeah.;那我们去吃晚餐好吗？好的。Working this way with any or audio clip can help improve your listening comprehension and your pronunciation.用这种方法，通过任何的视频或音频片段来练习，这可以帮助提高你的听力理解能力和发音。Thats it, and thanks so much for using Rachels English.这次的学习就到这里，非常感谢使用Rachels English。201706/513281It was as a politician that John was most obviously a wretched failure.作为政治家来说 再也没有 比约翰更加一败涂地的了Under his father, the empire had been sustained by a shrewd combination of charisma and feudal loyalty.其父在位时 这个国家维系于 君主的号召力和对封建制度的忠诚 两者间的巧妙结合Johns problem was his difficulty in believing that anyone would ever be more than a fair-weather friend.约翰的问题在于不信任别人 总是认为别人不过是酒肉之交So he relied on blackmail and extortion,threats to the barons rather than promises.对待贵族 他只崇尚敲诈勒索和胁迫 宁我负天下人 莫让天下人负我Assuming disloyalty, he ended up guaranteeing it.结果却事与愿违So when John needed the barons most,when Normandy was threatened by the French king,they werent there for him.当诺曼底受到法王威胁 约翰最需要他们的紧要关头 贵族们却没有伸出援手The result was a catastrophic defeat.最终导致了灾难性的失败The loss of Normandy ripped the heart out of Angevin power.痛失诺曼底令安茹王朝元气大伤Whether or not there was a secret meeting at Bury st Edmunds,无论英格兰的所有大贵族是否在with all the major nobles in England sworn to force John to accept reform,its certainly true that from defeat sprang rebellion.柏立艾蒙秘密会谈 立誓要逼迫约翰接受改革 可以肯定的是 失败催生了叛变At some point, the barons drafted a document that went well beyond forcing John to stop being vindictive,在这个时候 贵族们起草了一份文件 不仅禁止国王实施报复proposing, instead, a catalogue of things the king would not be allowed to do.It was called Magna Carta.同时还列出了一连串 国王不得越过的雷池 这就是《大宪章》 /201609/469205At least three people are dead after a small plane crashed into two homes in Southern California.加利福尼亚南部一架小型飞机撞上两座房屋，造成至少三人死亡。According to authorities, the aircraft had just taken off from Riverside Municipal Airport when it went down Monday afternoon. 据当局表示，周一下午这架飞机刚从河滨市机场起飞。Officials say there were five people on board the plane. They were traveling back to San Jose after attending a cheerleading competition at Disneyland.官方称飞机上有五人。他们在迪士尼乐园参加拉拉队比赛后，准备飞回圣何塞。Riversides fire chief said no one in either home or on the ground was injured in the crash. 河滨消防队长称，事故中没有人在家里或地面受伤。The two injured passengers were taken to a local hospital. One sustained minor injuries, and the other is in ;very; critical condition.两名受伤的乘客被送往当地医院。一人受轻伤，另一人情况非常危急。The cause of the crash is still unclear, and the National Transportation Safety Board is investigating.坠机原因仍不清楚，国家运输安全委员会正在调查。译文属。201703/495071

My mission is to show you how to survive long enough to make it back to civilization.我的任务是教你如何坚持活到 重归人烟的那一天Along taking a few basic tools,my camera crew coming with me.除了配备一些基本的求生工具 我的摄制组也会和我一同前行We slow down at the hot sand move along you get sink,you get stuck.我们在这片热沙上放缓车速前进 如果你陷进了沙丘 你就会卡在那里So the driver would guest me to know where Im gonna have to jump.所以司机会告诉我 该从哪儿跳下去Grow with a sort of mouth with sand With the car gone,lets get into this.我嘴里进了沙子 车子走远了 我们开始冒险吧Its still early and the day is yet to heat up.天色尚早 气温仍在攀升So search all the cover things ground and get to weather train can give me a little help.因此 寻找有植被覆盖的地表 适应这里的气候 能够给予我些许帮助The higher I can get,the further Im gonna see.我爬得越高 我就能看得更远Im looking for signs of the most precious thing in the desert.Water.我在寻找沙漠之中最宝贵的迹象 水源You can now feeling strong.But truth is the battle with dehydration你现在觉得你够强壮 但事实是 脱水现象is y begun the sand dune like this bring that battle right to you,just like syrup with this stuff.已经开始了 像这样的沙丘 就会让你面临脱水之战 感觉就像在糖浆里爬一样Take to cess forward.Everything about the desert wants to suck you dry.就看运气如何了 荒漠之中的一切都像是要榨干你but without exertion,that could be no progress.thats a concern battle here.但如果放弃挣扎 你可能陷入更糟的境遇 这是一场不容忽视的作战201611/477739

栏目简介：;Shanghai Live; focuses on big events in the city and major issues around the world, and presents them in a practical and audience-friendly manner to meet the ever-evolving needs of Shanghais English-speaking viewers,both local and expatriate.《直播上海英语电台》集中报道城市大事件以及全球热点话题，并以观众喜闻乐见的方式呈现给大家，从而满足上海本地以及上海海外人士的英语需求。201611/477506

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